.bk J03 .fl Rx31jW.j .fd View Log for Season Q .fn v47-v166 .en Replaces files R707jW.j,Qx11bL1.j,R821jW.j,R824.j .ei jW .ed R821 .rd Q812 .ri rE v 47 N gf98,99 gk21 Photograph of locus k21 just after it had been cleaned and prior to excavation. The locus had been partially dug in MZ 17 as part of unit J2's attempts to find the top of the revetment wall, f11, but abandoned when that season ended. One can see the first accumulation to be excavated. f98, and a large limestone block, f99. .rd Q813 .ri rE 48 E gf102,103 gk21 This is a photograph of locus k21 the day after excavation had been started. A large limestone block, f102, can be seen in the east section as can the working natural accumulation, f103. .ri eDB 49 N gf97,100,101,104 gk13 This is a photo of a conglomeration of stones, f101, laying relatively close to the surface in the NW corner of k13. The topsoil, f97, and the layer of natural accumulation in which it sat, f100, can clearly be seen in the N baulk. Also, in the foreground can be seen the next layer of natural accumulation, f104. 49a t W gf101,104 gk13 This subview provides a closeup of the stone conglomerate before its removal. .rd Q814 .ri bL 50 E gf105,106 gk22 This is a photograph of locus k22 the day after excavation had been started. It shows the topsoil, f105, and the first layer of natural accumulation, f106, beneath. .ri eDB 51 S gf107,110,112,114 gk13 This view, taken midway through the excavation of locus k13 shows two large limestione blocks, f110 and f112, which sat in accumulation f107. Block f110 was then removed to facilitate excavation, but was later found to have been a part of a possible living installation, a7, which included block f112, floors and a tannur. .rd Q815 .ri eF 52 W gf114,111,109,110,116 gk13 This view, taken about midway through the excavation of locus k13 shows a test trench, f116, which followed the baqaya glacis, f109 from the point of its initial discovery in the far NE corner, south to the baulk between k13 and k12 to see if the baqaya found last year (f50 in k12) was a continuation or a separate layer. Also shown is a large limestone block, f110, and a thin layer of dark soil, f111, that covered parts of the baqaya glacis. The layer was perhaps residue from activities associated with a pit feature, a5 to the west of f111. .ri rE 53 N gk21,108 gf98,103,126,129,139 This view is of the north section of locus k21, which will be combined with locus k22 to the north to form locus k108. The features are numbered in a curious way because excavation this season began below the tell surface when an effort in a previous season to find the revetment wall by J2 was stopped due to higher priority needs elsewhere. So the topsoil is f126, while the starting point of the excavation was f98, two layers below. The photo was taken with a wide-angle lens which exhibited considerable distortion at the edges. Even so, the boundary between accumulations f103 and f139 suggest that perhaps there had been a gully along that boundary after abandonment. 53a t N gk21,108 gf98,103,126,129,139 The same section without the string. .ri eF 54 SW ga5 gf128,122,127,109 gk13 This is photograph of a pit, a5, that was cut into the baqaya glacis, f109, prior to its being covered by a mud glacis, f152. Three components are shown: the cut, f128; the bottom, f127; and a fill, f122. 54a m OV ga5 gf128,122,127,109 gk13 This subview from overhead shows the composition of the material forming the bottom of the pit. It was similar to the contstituants of the mound discovered last year in a deep probe in loci k104 and k105. Here one can see a packing filled with ash pockets and pieces of brick. 54b t W gf127 This is a closeup of the bottom of the pit showing that the pit was not much deeper than the layer of baqaya through which it was cut. .ri bL 55 N gf123,124,125 gk22 This view, taken soon after excavations began in the lower part of locus k22. We were searching for evidence of the revetment wall, f11. Here we see two large limestone blocks, f124 and f125, imbedded in a very hard layer of packed material, f123. As it turned out, the stones were imbedded in the packing. The stones were elements of a line of stones placed along the line of the revetment wall as it was before it was covered by natural accumulation. The packing was made of mud and formed the surface of the mound that remained until the site was abandoned. .rd Q816 .ri eDB 56 N gf50,109,112,117,130,131,132 gk12,13 ga4 This view shows the relationship between features excavated in Season P (f50 in k12) and Season Q (f109 and a4 in k13) in adjacent loci. The baqaya surface, f109, in the northern locus is clearly the same as the baqaya surface, k12 discovered in the first season in the southern locus. The E-W line of limestone blocks, a4, are located well above the baqaya surface and reflect activity much later in time. Although there are many such blocks seemingly randomly located above the baqaya in units J1, J2, and J3 these are unique in that they are at the same elevation and seem to be placed in a line. 56a t W gf112,117,130,131,132 gk13 ga4 This subview is a closeup that shows the stones of aggregate a4 looking to the west. 56b t E gf112,117,130,131,132 gk13 ga4 This subview is a closeup that shows the stones of aggregate a4 looking to the east. 56c t S gf112,117,130,131,132 gk13 ga4 This subview is a closeup that shows the stones of aggregate a4 looking to the south. 56d w N gf10,11,50,109,112,117,130,131,132 gk12,13,101 ga4 This subview is a wide shot that shows the stones of aggregate a4 in relationship to the revetment wall, f11, and the wall apron, f10 .ri jW 57 N gf133 gk23 This is a photograph of the locus before excavation began showing its relationship with the BA temple and terrace to the north 57a t ov gf133 gk23 This subview shows the surface of the locus just as excavation began. The the surface was level E-W and sloped down gradually from N to S. .ri rE 58 N gf103,134,135 gk21 This is a view of two large limestone blocks which were found relatively close to the surface and well above the revetment wall, f11, and the memory stones which were placed above f11 when it became covered in the Mittani Period. Typically we have considered them secondarily deposited by natural forces, but in the case of these two we cannot rule out placement by humans as part of some structure in the period of scattered occupation. .rd Q817 .ri eDB 59 N gk23 gf136,138 This is a view of a circular area of scorched soil on a larger oval of packed soil, f138. It is likely that the burning occurred after the tell was abandonded. In and of itself, the burn spot is insignificant; however it is at the same place as a sucession of earlier circular features, probably dating from the Mittani period. These include a circle of small stones encased in soil mortar and a pit dug into the surface of the original baqaya layer which covered the temple mound from the time it was constructed in the Early Dynastic Period. 60 E gk108 gf102,115,123,124,125,143,144,145,148,158,159 This photograph documents an important discovery in the excavation. A hard-packed layer of mud (wahal), f123, running E-W and sloping down from N-S is located along the north side of k108. A horizontal surface of what seems to be softer material, f148, runs E-W along the southern part. Sherds within it are flat suggesting that it was used as a walkway. Between the two at differing elevations are large limestone blocks generally oriented E-W. Some were eventually seen to be placed along the line of the revetment wall, f11, after it was covered. Others were seen to be where they were found as a result of natural forces, particularly deterioration of structures higher on the mound. At the time the photo was taken, we did not know which were which. 61 E gk108 gf102,144,148,154,161,164 This photograph was taken soon after v60 as excavation of the floor surface, f148, in k108 continued. It shows better the imbedded, flat sherds. In addition, miscellaneous limestone blocks are shown. Noteworth also, is accumulation 164, which is the surface that overlays the transition between the wahal, f123 to the north (not shown here), and the floor, f148. 61a t N gk108 gf148,164 This subview is a closeup of the floor surface, f148, and the transitional accumulation above it, f164, to the north. 62 NE ga6 gk23 gf149,150,151,152 This photograph documents a pit, a6, found in the NE corner of locus k23 below the general location of the stone and laminar conglomerate, f142. Note that although the directional and horizontal references are not in the photo, which was taken looking to the NE to a pit that is about 100 cm in diameter. The photo documents that it was cut into the wahal layer, f152, which in turn was a new surface applied in the Mittani period to cover the baqaya covering, f109, which served as the surface of the BA temple mound since the Early Dynastic period when the mound and revetment wall, f11, were constructed. The photo shows the pit, a6, consisting of the cut, f160, and a layer of fill within, f149. The wahal layer, f152, can be seen in the north part of the locus, while the accumulation which covered it, F151 can be seen to the south of the pit, not having been fully excavated at the time the photo was taken. 62a t ov gk23 gf149,160,151,152 ga6 This closeup from overhead shows clearly that the pit was cut into the wahal, f152, which appears on the right. The accumulation, f151, which covered the wahal can clearly be seen to the left. 63 W gk13 ga5 gf97,100,104,107,109,112,114,117,120,121,122,126,127,128 This photograph documents the depositional history of this part of the BA temple mound as seen from the west baulk of k13. Moving in reverse order one sees topsoil, f97, several layers of natural accumulation, f104, f107, f114, f117, overlaying two layers, f120, f121 which follow the slope of the baqaya surface of the original mound, f109. More likely than not these surfaces correspond to the wahal surface, f152, and the layer covering it, f151, in the locus aadjacent to the west, k23. The pit, a5, consists of 3 features; the cut, f128, a top layer of fill, f122, and a bottom layer, f127, which may be the top of the fill for the entire BA temple mound. One can see that the pit was cut into the Early Dynastic period's baqaya layer, f109, was thereafter filled, f122, and later was completely covered by f120, and f121, which we date to the Mittani period. Although no directional or horizontal references are shown, the photo was taken looking west and the pit has a diameter of roughly 100 cm. For reference purposes, two stones, f112, f117, part of a4, are shown. 63a t W gk13 ga5 gf109, 120,121,122,127,128 Closeup of the pit, a5, showing the cut, f128, the fills,f122, f127, the baqaya glacis, f109 and the ovelaying wahal glacis, f120 and f121. ;64 N gf148,163,164,137 gk108 view for all the k108, floor f148 and wahal f123 and floating stones ;64a t N gf148,163,164,137 gk108 Incorrect Photo 65 S gk23 ga6 gf152,151 This photograph shows the context of the pit a6 at about the time that it was dug. It is surrounded by accumulation, f151, covering the wahal glacis, f152, into which it was cut. More generally, the lack of other features is significant in that it shows that the BA temple mound continued as a sacred area into Mittani times when the wahal surface was applied over the original Early Dynastic covering, baqaya layer f109. 65a t NW gk23 ga6 gf152,151 This subview presents details of the pit, a6, dug into an accumulation, f151, which covered the wahal surface, f152, of the second phase of the BA temple mound. ;66 E gk13 MISSING E baulk with string ;66a m E MISSING E baulk without string ;.ri eDB ;67 W gf97,100,104,120,121 gk13 MISSING E baulk ;.rd Q821 ;.ri eDB ;68 S gk23,22 gf165 MISSING ;69 t E gf165 gk22 MISSING .ri bL 70 N gf102,115,123,124,125,143,144,148,154,155,156,159,161 gk108 This significant record photograph shows the Mittani period surface in k108 (and the subject of v60) after it had been fully excavated. Looking to the north, at the bottom of the photo can be seen a level floor surface, f148, which probably served as a pathway around the extant outer portion of the BA temple mound complex. At the top can be seen the hard-packed wahal surface, f123, which was applied to form a new coating to the mound, perhaps because it had been damaged or had become too difficult to maintain. Between are a number of large limestone blocks, some of which were probably placed as "memory stones" to approximate the location of the revetment wall, f11, which by that time had been covered as the plaza below filled with aeolian soil. Other blocks probably were deposited as a result of natural forces. At the time that the photo was taken, we had not decided which stones were which. 70a m E gf102,115,123,124,125,143,144,148,154,155,156,159,161 gk108 This sub-view shows the same features from an alternate perspective. 71 S gk23 gf141,142 This view shows a circle,f142, in the NE quarter of k23 formed by fist-sized stones imbedded in a matrix of dried mud. It sits in an area of natural accumulation, f141. It is particulaly noteworthy because it sits directly above a pit dug into the ancient layer of baqaya, f109, that formed the surface of the Third Millennium BA temple mound. and directly below a burned area in an oval of packed soil. This suggests that this particular point retained some significance throughout the entire Mittani period. .rd Q822 .ri eDB 72 SW ga4,5 gk13,12,101 gf3,50,109,112,117,130,131,132 This photograph shows two groups of features in widely separated periods. First, it shows that the baqaya layer discovered in excavations in Season P (2005), f50 in k12 continues north and merges with the baqaya layer discovered in Season Q (2006), f109 in k13. Second the photo shows clearly the line of large limestone blocks, a4, (consisting of f112, f117, f130, f131, f132) was deposited considerably later in time. We have hypothesized that this line of stones was contemporaeneous with and linked to the tannur, f3, whose remainder can be seen on the upper left part of the photo. ;73 E gf169,173 gk22 view with stone .ri bL 74 N gk22,108 gf105,106,108,113,118,119,123,124,125,143,144,145,158 This photograph shows the section of the north baulk of k108 (and the south baulk of the north half of k22). Considering the deposits above the wahal glacis, f123, accumlations f105, 106, f108, and f113 are relatively clean and seem to have been deposited naturally, with little or no evidence of human activity. Features f118, and f119 are more problematical since they seem to have many more small inclusions. A number of large limestone blocks are also shown (f124, f125, f143, f144, f145, and f158). 74a m N gk22,108 gf105,106,108,113,118,119,123,124,125,143,144,145,158 N section without the string 75 E gk108 gf102,105,106,108,113,118,119,123,124,125,143,144,148,156,158,159 This photograph shows the section of the east baulk of k108. Considering the deposits above the wahal glacis, f123, and floor f148, accumlations f105, 106, f108, and f113 are relatively clean and seem to have been deposited naturally, with little or no evidence of human activity. Features f118, and f119 are more problematical since they seem to have many more small inclusions. There is a wedge of soil, f???, between f113 and f118 in the south part of the locus. A number of large limestone blocks are also shown (f102, f124, f125, f143, f144, f156, f158, and 159). The shape of the string, level in the field, shows the distortion introduced by the lens and a tilt away from level by the camera to accommodate the N to S downslope of f123 where the photographer was standing. The limited correspondence of the accumulations is due to inconsistent scoring. 75a m E gk108 gf102,105,106,108,113,118,119,123,124,125,143,144,148,156,158,159 E section without the string .rd Q823 .ri eDB ;76 E gf169,173 gk22 view with stone, with strings 77 W gk31 gf175,176 This photograph shows an unusual conglomeration of stones and mud-like soil, f175, in the southeast corner of k31. The stones and mud were tear-shaped and sat in natural accumulation f176. It is impossible to tell whether f175 was deposited naturally or was result of human activity. ;76a E gf169,173 gk22 view with stone, without strings 78 N gk22 gf162,165,166,167,168,173 This photograph shows the west section of the north baulk of k22, just before it was removed. The elevation reference string is also shown. 78a N gk22 gf162,165,166,167,168,173 This photograph shows the west section of the north baulk of k22, just before it was removed. 78b N gk22 gf162,165,166,167,168,169,173 This photograph shows the east section of the north baulk of k22, just before it was removed. Also shown in the forground is a large limestone block, f169, which is a component of aggregate, a7, a possible living space. 78c N gk22 gf162,165,166,167,168,169,173 This photograph shows the east section of the north baulk of k22, just before it was removed. Also shown in the forground is a large limestone block, f169, which is a component of aggregate, a7, a possible living space. The elevation reference string is also shown. .rd Q826 .ri eDB 79 N gk31 view of the N baulk with string 79a N gk31 view of the N baulk without string 80 W gk108,13,23,22 ga4 gf3,50,109,123,152,173 general view of all the area, before the baulks were removed, to compare the temple mound surfaces at different times in its development. The first phase baqaya, f109, in k13 and f50, in k101; the second phase wahal glacis, f123, in k108 and f152 in k23; and the final phase floor surface, f173, in k22, associated with the tannur, f3, in k12, and the line of stones, a4, in k13. 80a t N gk108, gk22, gk23 closeup on k108 80b t N gk101, gk13, gk23, gk22 closeup on k101, 13 81 W gk13 ga5 gf109,152 A pit was cut into the layer of baqaya, f109, forming the top of the temple mound. This photo shows the cut was made while the baqaya glacis, f109, was still visible and not yet covered by the wahal glacis, f152. 81a t W gk13 ga5 gf109,152 closeup 82 E gk13 gf97,100,104,107,109,120,121 This photograph shows the section of the east baulk of k13. In addition to the layers of natural accumulation near the surface, one can see clearly the baqaya surface, f109, of the original temple mound built in the Early Dynastic period. Also shown clearly, but not recognized for what it was at the time of excavation, are the deteriorated wahal surface, f120, of the first reconstruction, and the deteriorated packed mud surface, f121, of the second reconstruction, which both covered the baqaya during the Mittani period. The elevation reference string is also shown. (It was level, but was not photographed with the correct orientation.) 82a m E gk13 gf97,100,104,107,109,120,121 E baulk without elevation reference. 83 E gk23 gf133,140,141,147,151 ga6 This photograph shows the north third of the section of the east baulk of k23. The elevation string appears, but was not photographed in its proper orientation (level). The north reference arrow was not included by the photographer. 83a m E gk23 gf133,140,141,147,151,169 ga6 This photograph shows the middle third of the section of the east baulk of k23. The elevation string appears, but was not photographed in its proper orientation (level). The north reference arrow was not included by the photographer. 83b m E gk22,23 gf133,140,141,147,151,169 ga6 This photograph shows the south third of the section of the east baulk of k23. A large limestone block, f169, which is an element of living space, a7, can also be seen. The elevation string appears, but was not photographed in its proper orientation (level). The north reference arrow was not included by the photographer. 83c m E gk22,23 gf133,140,141,147,151,169 ga6 East baulk south without elevation reference. 83d m E gk23 gf133,140,141,147,151 ga6 East baulk middle without elevation reference. 83e m E gk23 gf133,140,141,147,151 ga6 East baulk north without elevation reference. 84 S gf178,184,183,185,186,187,188 gk109 This photograph shows the situation in locus k108, just after the discovery of a packed mud surface, f184, which is the third and last glacis built as part of the BA temple mound. The excavator equated f184 with f241, a similar surface found in k108. Also shown are a number of large limestone blocks. Four, f185, f186, f187, and f188, form a rough line running SW to NE. Several others (f183, f178) sit on pedistals of accumulation. 85 NE gf109,123,152,169,173 ga5,6 gk13,22,23,108 This photograph shows the middle third of J3 at an important point in the excavation. In k23, the wahal glacis, f152, from a reconstruction early in the Mittani period had been exposed, while to the south in k108, a similar surface, f123, had also been excavated. Between, in k22, a horizontal floor surface, f173, and an associated limestone block, f169, from a later part of the MIttani period had been exposed. In addition, along the northern edge two pits, a5, a6, cut into the baqaya are shown. 85a t N gf109,152 ga5,6 gk13,23 This photograph, taken looking to the north along a line which bisects two pits, a5 (east) and a6 (west), shows the transition from the older baqaya glacis surface, f109, to the east and the newer wahal glacis surface, f152, to the west. 85b t SW gf109,152,241 ga6 gk13,23 This photograph, taken looking to the southwest along the downward slope of the baqaya glacis shows the transition to the wahal glacis. The mound of material in the upper center of the photograph is most likely a remnant of the third and final mud glacis, f241. 85c t N gf109,152,215 gk13,23 This photograph, taken looking to the north shows the baqaya surface, f109, and a feature constructed of red brick and possibly pise, f215, whose definition and extent are poorly defined because most of it is in the north baulks of k13 and k23. 86 W gk12,101 gf3,50,90,152,241 This series of three photographs records the west baulks of loci k12, k11, and k101. It was taken to help understand the relationships among the various surfaces which formed the lower part of the BA temple mound and the revetment wall, f11, at various times it was in use. In this view, the northernmost of the three, one can see the baqaya surface, f50, of the mound as it was built in the Early Dynastic period, then a thin layer of gray soil, f90. Above is the first rebuilt wahal glacis, f152, a part of which may have incorporated red brick and baqaya elements. Traces of the second rebuild of the glacis, f241, may be shown on the middle left of the photo. A tannur, f3, used late in the occupation of the tell can be seen in the upper left of the photo. 86a m W gk11,12,101 gf3,11,152,241 This subview shows the west baulks in the vicinity of the revetment wall, f11. Interesting is also the accumulation below the tannur, f3, and above the last glacis, f241. It is about 75 cm thick, uniform in color, and contains a number of sherds, all oriented horizontally. This suggests a working surface where people stood or walked over an extended period of time. 86b m W gk11,101 gf11,30,43 This subview of the south part of the extended baulk shows the revetment wall, f11, and the accumulations that built up to the south of it, f43 and f30, eventually covering the plaza and the wall itself. 87 S gf127,128,109,152 gk13 ga4,5 This progress photograph shows pit a5 that was cut into the baqaya glacis f109. Both the cut, f128 and the bottom of the fill, f127 are shown after the baulk separating k13 and k23 had been removed. The wahal glacis, appears in the background to the right, while the pedistal for the stone installation a4 apperars in the upper left 87a t W gf109,127,128 ga5 This subview shows in detail the pit, a5, and its components, the bottom of the second fill, f127, and the cut, f128 into the baqaya glacis, f109. .rd Q829 .ri rE 88 E gk109 gf172,174,177,181,182,184,185,186,187 This is a photograph of the east section of k109. It shows a series of natural accumulations which generally slope down from north (left) to south (right). Three large limestone blocks roughly in a line are also shown. The elevation reference string is level, but was not framed this way in the camera. The north reference arrow was also omitted. 88a m E gk109 gf172,174,177,181,182,184,185,186,187 This alternate view shows the E section of k109 without the elevation reference. ;89 W gf194,196,197 gk109 f196 hard f197 with some stones north part of k109 90 W gf194,196,197 gk109 This photograph of the northern part of k109 was taken just before the third glacis, f241 was exposed. In a matrix of brownish soil which covered the glacis, f194, was found a consolidated mass of gray soil, pottery sherds, limestones, sand stones, f197. On the periphery was a lens of soil that was more brown and that contained numerous small, white roots. 91 N gk12,13,23 ga7 gf50,109,152 This photograph documents the progress of the excavtions at a point where the Early Dynastic Period elements, the revetment wall, f11; the apron, f10; and the baqaya glacis, f50 and f109 had been excavated. Elements built during the Mittani period and later such as the wahal glacis, f152, and the living space installation, a7 had been excavated, but preserved in place to aid in stratigraphich analysis. 92 SW ga4,7 gf3,109,112,117,130,132,173,195,201 This photograph shows many of the components of a late occupational domestic installation, a7, which includes a tannur, f3, two working surfaces f4 (not shown) and f173, and two lines of large limestone blocks, a4 and two blocks from a second line of limestone blocks, f195 ,and f201. 92a m S ga5,7 This subview shows the lines of stones from a different angle. In the foreground of the photo is pit a5, which was cut and used at a much earlier time and is not related to the elements that are the subject of the main view. .rd Q831 .ri eDB 93 W gk13,22 gf109,152,209 ga5,6 This photograph documents the state of the northeast corner of J3 just after the domestic installation, a7, shown in view v92 was removed. One sees the pedistal on which the line of stones, a4, sat, f209, which itself is equivalent to the wahal glacis, f152, built during the Mittani period and visible in the background. Both cover the Early Dynstic period baqaya glacis, f109, visible in the foreground. Also shown are pits a5, and a6 which were cut into the baqaya glacis at various times. 93a m SW gk13,22 gf109,152,209 The subview, taken looking more to the south and at a lower camera angle shows better f109, the baqaya surface of k13. 94 NE gk13,22,23 gf152,215 ga6,5 This photograph was taken to show the relatively clean surfaces of the original Early Dynastic III baqaya glacis, f108, and the later Mittani wahal glacis f152 laid overtop the bottom portion of the original. We began to see some deteriorated brickwork, f215 at the northernmost extent of f152 where the wahal and baqaya seem to merge. Unfortunately, one can see more brickwork in and along the line of the north baulk of k23, but there was not time to excavate it this season. Pits a5 and a6 appear in the photograph, but their relationship with f215, if any is not known. 94a t S gk13 gf152,215 ga6 This subview shows the brickwork, f215, the wahal glacis, f152, and the pit, a6. The relation among them is not known. .ri bL ;95 E gk109 E section k109 with strings ;95a m E gk109 E section k109 without strings ;96 W gk109 W section k109 with string ;96a m W gk109 W section k109 without string 97 E gk108 gf213,210,211,212,236 Locus k21 was first excavated as part of unit J2 several seasons ago. They were searching for the revetment wall, but the season ended before it was found. It was re-named J3k21 and excavation resumed in MZ19. The limestone blocks, f210, f211, and f212 had been partially excavated and this photo was taken just after excavations resumed. Limestone block f236 is a bit lower in elevation (20 cm), but part of the same depositional pattern. All the limestone blocks sit in natural accumulation, f203 .rd Q901 .ri jW 98 N gk23,13 gf107,133,140,141,147,152,215,252 ga6 This photograph shows section of the the north baulk of k23. Near the surface are post-abandonement deposits which cover the wahal glacis, f152 and baqaya glacis, f109. However, in the proximity of the the glacis, one can see evidence of brick structures, f215, and possibly pise structures in the east end of the section, f147. 98a t N gk23 gf133,140,141,147,252 This subview shows the section of the west half of the north baulk of k23. 98b t N gk23,13 gf107,133,140,141,147,152,215,252 ga6 This subview shows the section of the east half of the north baulk of k23. .ri rE 99 N gk91 gf218 This photograph shows k91, just before excavation began. One can see that the surface is flat and dusty, a situation resulting from its location in the area of the original plaza associated with the BA temple and from the fact that it served as a temporary road to facilitate removal of backdirt. This was one of four loci excavated primarily to establish sight lines for visitors to observe the revetment wall, apron, staircase and other components of the temple mound from a viewing platform south of the revetment wall. 100 N gk93 gf219 This photograph shows k93, just before excavation began. One can see that the surface is flat and dusty, a situation resulting from its location in the area of the original plaza associated with the BA temple and from the fact that it served as a temporary road to facilitate removal of backdirt. This was one of four loci excavated primarily to establish sight lines for visitors to observe the revetment wall, apron, staircase and other components of the temple mound from a viewing platform south of the revetment wall. .rd Q903 .ri bL 101 E gk108 gf98,102,103,126,129,139,203,211,212,213 This photograph shows the south part of the section of the east baulk of k108 (k21 portion). The elevation reference line is not shown. In the foreground can be seen limestone blocks, f211 and f212, which had been exposed but not removed when the locus was a part of unit J2. ;102 E gk108 gf203,213 view of the S part of the section before remove it with string 103 N gk94 gf222 This photograph shows k94, just before excavation began. One can see that the surface is flat and dusty, a situation resulting from its location in the area of the original plaza associated with the BA temple and from the fact that it served as a temporary road to facilitate removal of backdirt. This was one of four loci excavated primarily to establish sight lines for visitors to observe the revetment wall, apron, staircase and other components of the temple mound from a viewing platform south of the revetment wall. 103a w N gk94 gf222 The subview is taken from behind the locus to better show the context of the excavated portion of k94. .ri mO 104 E gk1,2 gf525,527,529,529,530,532,569,576 This photograph shows the east baulk of k1 and k2 after it was scored for drawing, but before it was removed. One can see that after the second apron, f532, began to be covered, soil accumulated uniformly and gradually until the present day. However, the revetment wall, f569, was covered in a diffent way. Numerous thin laminations resembling varves in lakes were regularly deposited over an unknown time. A horizontal tape can be seen, which represents the elevation reference for the drawing. 104a t E gk1 Subview showing the south half of the east baulk of k1 with the elevation reference. 104b t E gk1,2 Subview showing the north half of the east baulk of k1 and k2 with the elevation reference. 104c t E gk1,2 Subview showing the north half of the east baulk of k1 and k2 without the elevation reference. 104d t E gk1 Subview showing the south half of the east baulk of k1 with the elevation reference. .ri rE 105 N gk22,23 gf173,152 This photograph shows a late stage in the use of the north part of the wahal glacis, f152. A large quantity of soil has covered the lower part of the wahal glacis and has been used as a path or a floor. This can be verified by the levelness of the surface and the fact that the pottery sherds are all oriented horizontally. This floor is at the same elevation (9200) as a nearby tannur and a line of stones, all suggesting that they may have been part of a living space, a7. 105a t E gk22 gf173 Closeup of floor showing imbedded sherds laying flat. .rd Q904 .ri jW 106 N gk93 gf219,221,224,226,227,228 This view shows the section of north baulk of k93, one of four loci aligned E to W and excavated specifically to open sight lines to the revetment wall and the BA temple mound from the south. The photograph illustrates that accumulations up to one meter deep were primarly deposited by wind and water run-off from the mound after abandonment. There are no structures; just a few isolated large limestone blocks. The elevation reference is included in the main view, but not the sub-views. ;106a w N gk93 This is a subview which shows locus k93 before excavation began ;106b w N gk93 This is a subview which shows locus k93 before excavation began 106c t N gk93 gf219,221,224,228 E half of N baulk without string 106d t N gk93 gf219,221,224,226,227,228 W half of N baulk without string ;106e t N gk93 E half of N baulk without string ;106f t N gk93 W half of N baulk without string 107 N gk94 gf222,223,333 This view shows the section of north baulk of k94, one of four loci aligned E to W and excavated specifically to open sight lines to the revetment wall and the BA temple mound from the south. The photograph illustrates that accumulations up to one meter deep were primarly deposited by wind and water run-off from the mound after abandonment. There are no structures. The elevation reference is included in the main view. 107a t N gk94 gf222,223,333 W half of N baulk with string 107b t N gk94 gf222,223,333 E half of N baulk with string 107c t N gk94 gf222,223,333 E half of N baulk without string 107d t N gk94 gf222,223,333 W half of N baulk without string 108 N gk91 gf218,220,225 This view shows the section of north baulk of k91, one of four loci aligned E to W and excavated specifically to open sight lines to the revetment wall and the BA temple mound from the south. The photograph illustrates that accumulations up to one meter deep were primarly deposited by wind and water run-off from the mound after abandonment. There are no structures. The elevation reference is included in the main view. 108a t N gk91 gf218,220,225 W half of N baulk with string 108b t N gk91 gf218,220,225 E half of N baulk with string 108c t N gk91 gf218,220,225 E half of N baulk without string 108d t N gk91 gf218,220,225 W half of N baulk without string .ri eDB 109 E gk93 gf221,226,228 This photograph, taken during the removal of the north baulk of k93 shows one of the many large, displaced limestone blocks, f226 sitting in natural accumulation f221. One can see other limestone blocks to the north at about the same elevation as the ones in the baulk. There is no organization to the group, suggesting that they were naturally deposited over a period time, and that they probably were originally components of larger structures higher on the BA temple mound. .ri aA 110 E gk94 gf235 This photograph documents a layer of stones in a matrix of mud in the north baulk of k94 that was excavated, documented and removed. There was insufficient evidence to determine whether they were placed by humans or deposited naturally. 111 E gk91 gf218,220,225 This is a photograph of the east section of k91, a locus that was excavated quickly to provide sight lines into the main excavation from the south. Expedited excavtion was possible because analysis of adjacent loci had revealed that the first meter of soil below the surface was deposited by wind and water and was relatively free of cultural material. The section of the north baulk, w30, shows a distinct separation of soil features f220 and f225, but this is not seen either in this photograph or in the drawing for the east section, w31. 111a m E gk91 gf218,220,225 E baulk without string 112 E gk93 gf219,221,224 This is a photograph of the east section of k93, a locus that was excavated quickly to provide sight lines into the main excavation from the south. Expedited excavtion was possible because analysis of adjacent loci had revealed that the first meter of soil below the surface was deposited by wind and water and was relatively free of cultural material. The section of the north baulk, w29, shows a distinct separation of soil features f221 and f224, but this is not seen in this photograph. 112a m E gk93 gf219,221,224 E baulk without string 113 E gk94 gf222,223 This is a photograph of the east section of k94, a locus that was excavated quickly to provide sight lines into the main excavation from the south. Expedited excavtion was possible because analysis of adjacent loci had revealed that the first meter of soil below the surface was deposited by wind and water and was relatively free of cultural material. The section of the north baulk, w28, shows three distinct soil features f222, f223, and f333. However, f333 cannot be seen in this photograph. 113a m E gk94 gf222,223 E baulk without string 114 W gk1,11,106,108,109 ga11 There were a number of isolated limestone blocks most of which were located within a distance of 300 cm from the south face of the monumental revetment wall, f11. A few were also located in the north part of k109, near the line of limestone blocks, a17, which may have been the second line of memory stones placed at the very end of the Mittani period. The stones were roughly divided into two groups. The first comprised ones that had been deposited before the wall was completely covered. The second comprised ones that had been deposited later, probably after the tell had been abandoned. This photograph, taken from a ladder and looking west shows primarily the stones of the second group, which are supported by soil pedestals (This was done to recognize any organized clusters that may have emerged during the course of the excavation.) All stones in this group were removed. View v151, taken later, shows better the stones in the first group. 114a t W gk1,11,106,108,109 gf11 This subview moves farther to the west to better see the stones at the western edge of the unit and to better illustrate the soil pedestals used to temporarily preserve the precise location of the stones. The revetment wall, f11, can be seen as a reference. It begins in the right foreground and moves toward the center of the photo. 114b t SE gk108,109,11,12,101 gf107,152,241,11 ga11 This subview was taken from the far northwest corner of k109 and shows the floating stones in the western part of the unit. In prticular it shows the ones in the vicinity of aggregate a17, a possible second and very late version of the original memory stones, which had now been covered by natural accumulations. 114c t S gk109 ga11 This subview looking south shows all of the floating stones in the vicinity of a11 in k109, the westernmost of the excavated loci. 114d t S gk1,11,108 This subview looking south shows the floating stones in center of the excavation unit, primarily in k108, south of the glacis and memory stone modifications made during the Mittani period. 114e t S gk1,106 gf11 This subview looking south shows the floating stones in the easter part of the unit, primarily in k1. .rd Q909 .ri bL 115 E gk108 gf151,173,216 This photograph was taken just after the baulk between k108 and k101 was removed. In the baulk was a large limestone block, f216, which could be associated with a floor, f103, a number of other stones and a tannur, aggregate a7. .ri jW 116 N gk109 gf184,241 ga8,g17 This is a photograph of an arc -shaped arrangment of large limestone blocks in the south part of k109. They sat in f182, an accumulation which may be a floor accumulation for f184. perhaps equivalent to floor surface f148 in the locus adjacent to the east, k108. There is no indication of whether the stones were placed or naturally deposited. Their relationship, if any, with another arrangement of stones, a17, shown in the upper left of the photo is not known. 116a t N gk109 gf184 ga8 This subview is a closeup of the arrangement of stones. .rd Q910 .ri eI 117 N gk109 gf241,244,245,246,247 ga8,17 This photograph was taken soon after v116. One floor surface, f184 has been excavated, revealing another, f247, which performs the same function as floor f148 in the locus adjacent to the east, k108. Some components of the arc of large limestone blocks, a8, remain. Considering the pedestals on which these stones sat, it is unlikely that they were associated with floor f247. A second line of large limestone blocks, a17, can be seen in the upper left hand corner. It may be associated with the mud glacis, f241, seen in the upper middle. Although they do not merge, there is a clear relationship between this glacis, f241 and the floor, f247. They are made of the same material and may have been constructed together as part of the final remodeling of the BA temple mound. 117a t N gk109 gf247,244,245,246,115 This photograph is a closeup of a sub-group of the stones of arc a8. 117b t S gk109 gf247,244,245,246,115 This photograph is a closeup of the same sub-group of the stones of arc a8 as view v117a, but from the opposite direction. 117c t W gk109 gf247 This photograph is a closeup of the surface of the floor, f247. It shows a hard surface that has been pitted, probably due to a combination of traffic and surface water. .ri aA 118 t S gk109 gf247 This photograph shows three of the stones of arc a8 resting on soil pedestals above a hard-packed floor f247 in k109. This floor is one of the significant stratigraphic benchmarks along the entire lower third of J3, extending from J1 in the west to j2 in the east. .ri eI 119 t N gk1 gf578 This photograph documents a floor feature, f578 located in locus k1. By comparing it with floor f247, shown in view v118, one can see that it is an identical surface; hard with scattered shallow depressions. As it is approximately the same elevation, it is clear that it is a continuation to the east of f247. .rd Q911 .ri bL 120 N gk13,23,108 gf123,124,125,143,145,148,152,155,156,157,158,159,252 ga5,6 This photograph shows the BA temple mound as it existed after the first remodeling, which occurred during the Mittani period. The revetment wall, f11 and the lower part of the apron had been covered by natural accumulation. The components of the new mound, from south to north, are a flat surface which served as a pathway, f148, a line of stones, a16, oriented along the general line of the now-covered revetment wall, a gently sloping wahal surface upon which the stones sit, and a steeper sloping wahal glacis, f152, which meets the original baqaya glacis, f109, near the baulk at the top of the photo. This occurs in the region where both are covered by a layer of soil and deteriorated brick, f252. Also two pits are shown, a5 and a6. Pit a6 would have been in use during this general time period. 120a w N gk13,23,108 gf123,124,125,143,145,148,152,155,156,157,158,159,252 ga5,6 This subview taken from a wider perpective shows the remodeled glacis under the conditions of early morning light. 121 S gk23 gf107,152,215,252 ga6 This photograph shows the north part of locus k23 near the end of the excavations there. The wahal glacis, f152, of the first remodeling is beginning to merge with the baqaya glacis, f109. A thin layer of soil,f252, covers the merge sector which is defined by some underlaying brickwork, including the N-S line of bricks, f215. Pit a6, perhaps in uses during this period is also shown. 122 OVS gk23 gf215,252,258 gq328 ga6,14 This photograph was taken soon after we began to remove a thin layer of soil, f252, that was covering the trasition point from the wahal glacis, f152 to the older baqaya glacis. While doing this, the fill of a pit, f258, was revealed, as was a group of potsherds, q328. Among the sherds and soil we found a number of seal impressions, a14, dated to the Uruk period on the basis of iconography. 123 N gi16 gk23 gf252 This photograph documents the findspot of Uruk period seal impression, i16, which was found in a soil layer, f252, in the far NW part of k23 123a w N gi16 gk23 gf252 This wider subview shows the general setting of findspot of Uruk period seal impression, i16, in the far NW corner of k23. 124 N gi17 gk23 gf252 This photograph documents the findspot of Uruk period seal impression, i17, which was found in a soil layer, f252, in the far NW part of k23 124a w N gi17 gk23 gf252 This wider subview shows the general setting of findspot of Uruk period seal impression, i17, in the far NW corner of k23. 125 N gi18 gk23 gf252 This photograph documents the findspot of Uruk period seal impression, i18, which was found in a soil layer, f252, in the far NW part of k23 126 N gi19 gk23 gf252 This photograph documents the findspot of Uruk period seal impression, i16, which was found in a soil layer, f252, in the far NW part of k23 .rd Q912 .ri bL 127 E gk23,13 gf252 ga5,6 This photograph shows the general state of the excavation in the NE corner of locus k23 the day after the seal impressions, a14 had been removed. Brickwork, f270, can be seen emerging just to the north of top of the fill, f258, to pit, a10. Layer, f252, remains between f270 and the N-S line of bricks, f215. For reference purposes, one also sees pits a5 and a6, and the baqaya glacis, f109, in the background. Also, the wahal glacis, f152 can be seen in the right foreground. .ri mO 128 E gk108,109 gf251,253,254,257,261 This photograph shows how we excavated in the final few days to find the south face of the revetment wall, f11. Having found the face in k101 in MZ17 (2005-P) as well as in J1 and J2 we dug a trench south of the expected location, then excavated slowly north. As the sherds and small stones in the trench bottom, f261, were pressed flat, we presume that the area was used as a pathway. 128a t N gk108 gf261 This subview shows the details of accumulation, f261. 128b t N gk109 gf261 This subview is a closeup that shows sherds and small stones oriented horizontally on f261, indicating that people walked on the surface as it was being deposited. .ri bL 129 N gk23 gf270,252,258 This photograph shows the relationship between the laminar top of f258, the fill of pit, a10, the wahal glacis, f152 of the Mittani period and the brickwork f270 to the north of it. It was this surface upon which was placed the spoils of pit a10 which contained the Uruq seal impressions. 130 N gk23 gf152,215,259,270 ga6 This is one of three photographs to show the condition of the north ends of loci k13 and k23, prior to excavating through the bottoms of three pits (a5, a6, and a10). The purpose of doing this was to look for the possible source of the Uruk period seal impressions, a14, beneath the layers of wahal, f152 and baqaya, f109, that sealed them from outside contamination. Feature f259 is the soon to be removed bottom of the original fill for pit a6. 131 N gk13 gf109,127 ga5 This is one of three photographs to show the condition of the north ends of loci k13 and k23, prior to excavating through the bottoms of three pits (a5, a6, and a10). The purpose of doing this was to look for the possible source of the Uruk period seal impressions, a14, beneath the layers of wahal, f152 and baqaya, f109, that sealed them from outside contamination. In the foreground, one can see the lamination, f258, which was subsequently discovered to be the fill of pit, a10. 132 S gk13,23 gf109,152,258,270 ga5,6 This is one of three photographs to show the condition of the north ends of loci k13 and k23, prior to excavating through the bottoms of three pits (a5, a6, and a10). The purpose of doing this was to look for the possible source of the Uruk period seal impressions, a14, beneath the layers of wahal, f152 and baqaya, f109, that sealed them from outside contamination. This particular photograph should be used as a frame of reference for interpreting the next ten views. Note that feature f127 is the soon to be removed bottom of the original fill for pit a5. 133 S gk23 gf258,252 This photograph shows that the brickwork, f270, associated with the BA temple mound was adjacent to the laminated soil, f258, which was found to be the fill of pit, a10. It is impossible to tell whether the pit cut the brickwork or not. 133a w S gk23 gf152,215,258,270 ga6 This subview shows the wider context to which the lamination, f258, belongs, namely the transition between the third millennium and second millenium glacis systems. 134 SE gk23,13,108 gf109,123,152,258 ga5,6 This photograph was taken to illustrate the excavated, but artificial boundaries between the baqaya and wahal glacis. Although we did not realize it at the time, the wahal glacis, f152 and f123 was laid over the original baqaya one, f109. As a result we excavated through the wahal in k13, thinking that it was a layer of natural accumulation. The result is shown on the left side of the photograph. Learning from this experience, we stopped excavating in k23 and k108 when we reached the wahal, which is shown on the right side. The north-south boundary is irregular due to changes in the slope of the baqaya, f109 and some damage from foot traffic. One can also see several pits, a5 and a6, and brick structures, f215 and f270 at the northern edge of locus k23. 135 N gk23 gf152,215,258,270 ga6 This is a general view of k23, one of several that were taken under differing light conditions to show the complex relationship between the pits (a5, a6, and a10) and the deteriorated brickwork (f215 and f270). 136 N gk23 gf258,270 This main view and associated sub-views help define f270, a conglomerated mass of partially melted bricks that at one time formed a part of the BA temple mound. Previous excavations of the mound by archaeologists from Tuebingen showed that at least part of the mound was covered by unbaked bricks, but we have exposed such a small area, that will be all but impossible to determine form or function. 136a m N gk23 gf258,270 This sub-view was taken after water was sprayed on the visible bricks of f270. This technique allows us to recognize patterns of organization not apparent when normally viewed when everything is coated with a layer of dust. 136b w OVS gk23 gf152,215,258,270 This sub-view was taken from overhead, again with the bricks near f258 wetted, and incorporates the brickwork of f215 to help discern if they are related. 136c m N gk23 gf258,270 This sub-view was taken with the camera held close to the ground so that brickwork in the baulk, which had been wetted, can also be seen. 137 OVS gk23 gf258,270 This is a progress photograph of the excavation of the lamination, f238. By this stage, the extents had been fully defined. 138 N gk13 ga5 gf260 After the discovery of the Uruk period seal impressions in the NE corner of locus k23, we concluded that they came from material that was beneath the wahal and baqaya glacis on the temple mound. The previous season we had discovered Late Chalcolithic ceramics in a deep probe behind the revetment wall, f11. We reasoned that if we dug below pits a5 and a6 we might add more data as to when the temple mound was built. The photograph shows the first layer, f260, beneath the bottom of pit a5. Contrasting colors and textures support the idea that the fill came from a variety of sources. 139 N gk23 ga6 gf259 After the discovery of the Uruk period seal impressions in the NE corner of locus k23, we concluded that they came from material that was beneath the wahal and baqaya glacis on the temple mound. The previous season we had discovered Late Chalcolithic ceramics in a deep probe behind the revetment wall, f11. We reasoned that if we dug below pits a5 and a6 we might add more data as to when the temple mound was built. The photograph shows the first layer, f259, beneath the bottom of pit a6. Contrasting colors and textures support the idea that the fill came from a variety of sources. For example, note the red bricks and the hard earth between them. 140 N gk13 gf260 ga5 This photgraph documents the mound fill exposed below the bottom of pit, a5. Note the red inclusions on the east (right) side, which are probably decayed bricks and the gray material on the west side (left), which contains ash. This supports the hypothesis that the material to build the mound came from a variety of sources. 141 N gk23 gf259,262 ga6 This series of photographs around the inside of a probe below the bottom of pit a6, illustrates the nature of the material that was used as fill beneath the baqaya glacis, f109, of the original BA temple complex. One can see two distinct layers of material, f259 and f262, below the top of the pit cut and subsequent sounding within its perimeter. The various sub-views show that the fill was not only layered, but also each was in turn a heterogeneous mix of ashy and bricky material. 141a N gk23 gf259,262 ga6 Subview of the probe that shows the north section of a6. Note the contrast between the red bricks and the gray ash. 141b E gk23 gf259,262 ga6 Subview of the east section of a6. 141c N gk23 gf259,262 ga6 Subview of the north section of a6 with the bricks scored. 141d SE gk23 gf259,262 ga6 Subview of the southeast section of a6 with the bricks scored. 141e S gk23 gf259,262 ga6 Subview of the south section of a6. 141f W gk23 gf259,262 ga6 Subview of the west section of a6 with the bricks scored. 142 OV gk13 ga5 gf260 This series of photographs around the inside of a probe below the bottom of pit a5, illustrates the nature of the material that was used as fill beneath the baqaya glacis, f109, of the original BA temple complex. One can see a heterogeneus mix of material, f260, below the top of the pit cut and in the baulks of the subsequent sounding within its perimeter. The various sub-views show that the fill was a mix of ashy and bricky material. 142a E gk13 ga5 gf260 Subview of the east section of a5. 142b S gk13 ga5 gf260 Subview of the south section of a5. 142c W gk13 ga5 gf260 Subview of the west section of a5. .rd Q913 .ri eDB 143 N gf264,265,266,267 gk109 ga9 This photograph documents a circular arrangement of four limestone blocks, f264, f265, f266, f267 which formed half of two concentric circles of stones. Their arrangement suggests that they were placed, but there was no evidence (such as burning) to identify their purpose. Four other stones, f248, f249, f255, and f256 were inadvertently removed prior to the photograph, but f255 and f256 do appear in plot p40. .ri bL 144 N gk23 gf258,263 This series of photographs documents a probe made below the bottom of pit a10. This pit was a shallow one, filled with clean, fine-grained soil, f258. We explored below the pit bottom to see if we could possibly find the source of the Uruk period seal impressions, a14 that were found directly to the north of the pit. Although we did not find any more seal impressions, we did get some information on the construction and modification of the BA temple mound prior to the remodeling in the Mittani period that added the wahal glacis, f152, and memory stones, a16. Especially in sub-view v144b, one can clearly see the grayish wahal atop another surface that is more reddish brown. This material appears in the top half of the main view as relatively homogeneous with some decayed red brick along the right side. (Contrast this uniformity with the mixed material found in the probes below the pits a5 and a6). More likely than not, the reddish layer is f270. About 30cm from the bottom, one sees a distinct layer of reddish material with white inclusions, f334. This strongly resembles the baqaya covering, f109, of the original BA temple mound built during the Early Dynastic period and seen in k13. Both here and in the west baulk of k101 there were intriguing hints of construction atop the baqaya before the remodeling, but a more detailed inquiry was not possible due to a shortage of resources and time. 144a t E gk23 gf258,263 Subview of the east section of a10. 144b t S gk23 gf258,263 Subview of the south section of a10. Note the grayish layer at the top of the photo. It was the wahal glacis, f152. 144c t W gk23 gf258,263 Subview of the west section of a10. 145 N gk23 gf152,270 ga10,6 This photograph is one of several, taken under different light conditions and at different perspectives that illustrate the interface between the original baqaya glacis, f109, the wahal glacis, f152, of the first remodeling and the undefined, congealed mass of bricky material, f270, in the NE corner of locus k23. In this view, f152 appears to abut f270, which in turn covers f334 (possibly equivalent to f109). The photo also shows that f270 is larger than originally thought, particularly extending farther to the southeast. 145a m N gk23 gf152,270 ga10,6 This subview was taken under the same conditions as the main view, v145, except that water has been sprayed on the bricks that are well defined within f270 and in the baulk. 145b w N gk23 gf152,270 ga10,6 This subview was taken under a much stronger light, which emphasizes the differences in texture between f152 (smooth) and f270 (rough) as compared with the main view, v145. 146 N gk23 gf152,215,270 ga6 This photograph is another taken to show the interfaces among f109, f152, and f270. It is taken from a ladder, looking north. .ri eI 147 NW gk109 gf253,257 This view is of the section of the west baulk of k109. This baulk belonged to J1, but was drawn, photographed and removed by J3 because this part of the east face was more than 4 meters from the bottom in J1, while for us, it was one meter high. We presume the accumulations, f253 at the top and f257 below, are the same on both sides because the two features are accumulations, probably deposited uniformly in the late stages of use of the temple mound as well as after abandonment. The photo for the main view of this long baulk was taken at an oblique angle. Therefore, the line between the accumulations is not visible. However, the subviews and the section drawing, w34, clearly show both accummulations. 147a W gk109 gf253,257 This subview shows the south part of the west baulk with the elevation reference string. 147b W gk109 gf253,257 This subview shows the south part of the west baulk without the elevation reference string. 147c W gk109 gf253,257 This subview shows the north part of the west baulk with the elevation reference string. 147d W gk109 gf253,257 This subview shows the north part of the west baulk without the elevation reference string. ;148 N gk23 north section of k23 with string ;148a m N gk23 without string 149 W gk104,105 gf74,64,65 View of loci prior to backfilling. Plastic covers the last features exposed, f74 at the bottom of k105 and f64 and f65 at the bottom of k104. 150 SE gk109,108 View of back dirt from the excavation of f257 piled against the south baulks of k108 and k109. 150a m SE gk109,108 Backdirt against the south baulk of k109. 151 WNW gk108,109 gf273,274,275,276,277,278,279,280,281,282,283,284,285,286 Floating stones to the south of revetment wall, f11, prior to removal. Backdrop is the revetment wall in J3 as it continues into the east part of J1 151a t N gk108,109 gf273,274,275,276,277,278,279,280,281,282,283,284,285,286 Closeup of floating stones. .rd Q916 .ri jW 152 NW gk11,12,13,21,22,23,31,32,101,108,109 gf11,50,109,152,241 Overall view of revetment wall and three phases of the glacis: bakaya, f50 and f109; wahal, f152; and mud, f241. 153 N gk109, gf257, gq371 gi20 ga14 General location of findspot of necklace a14. 153a t N gk109, gf257, gq371 gi20 ga14 Specific findspot of i20.1, i20.2, i20.3, i20.4. .rd Q928 .ri bL 154 N gk1,106 gf11 The south face of the revetment wall and the memory stones atop it have been excavated to at least a depth of 60cm from J2 in the east, through J3 in the center, to J1 in the west. This series of photographs documents the condition of the wall in seven subviews, starting from the west boundary of J2 through the east half of J3. 154a t N gf11 Closeup of wall stones 154b t N gf11 Closeup of wall stones 154c t N gf11 Closeup of wall stones 154d t N gf11 Closeup of wall stones 154e t N gf11 Closeup of wall stones 154f t N gf11 Closeup of wall stones 155 N gk11,101,108,109,gf11 The south face of the revetment wall and the memory stones atop it have been excavated to at least a depth of 60cm from J2 in the east, through J3 in the center, to J1 in the west. This series of photographs documents the condition of the wall in four subviews, starting from the east half of J3 to the east boundary of J1. 155a t N gf11 Closeup of wall stones 155b t N gf11 Closeup of wall stones 155c t N gf11 Closeup of wall stones 155d t N gf11 Closeup of wall stones 156 NE gk108,109,11,12,101 gf107,152,241,11 General view showing the relative location of the three galcis: mud, f241; wahal, f152; and baqaya, f109. 157 N gk109 gf241,11 View of the latest of three glacis, f241, against the backdrop of the revetment wall, f11, and the BA temple. 163 N gk108 gf11 east quarter of J3 memory stones 163a N gk108,109 gf11 center east quarter of J3 memory stones 163b N gk109 gf11 west part of J3 memory stones ;Entered on Qx11 by bL in Qx11bL1.j Revised and re-entered by jW in R701jW.j, with further edits on R821 .rd R707 .ri jW 158 N gk105,106,102,101,11,12,13,1,2,21,22,23,31,32 ga16 gf10,11,50,109,152 This view, taken by the unit without orientation or distance references and arranged in panorama, shows the overall condition of excavated loci just after excavation had been completed and the area thoroughly cleaned. Along the bottom running E-W is the top exposed portion of the revetment wall, f11. In the middle, just to the N of the unit outlined by plastic sheeting (a backfilled trench dug to explore how the revetment wall was constructed) is the ancient baqaya surface of the temple mound, f50, f109. In the middle right (restrained by ropes) is the apron, f10, placed to the N of the wall in later phases, perhaps to mimic the stairway excavated in unit J2 farther to the east. In the middle left of the photo can be seen the wahal layer placed atop the baqaya as part of a later phase after the lower part of the f11 wall sytem had been covered with aeolean soils. Also on the left, between the wahal and revetment wall can be seen an E-W line of "memory stones",a16, placed in later phases to mimic the now-covered revetment wall. 158a m N gk108,109 gf11,152,241 ga16 This sub-view shows the continuation of the revetment wall, f11, and the memory stones, a16, farther to the west. It shows the complete extent of the excavated protion of the wahal coating, f152. In the middle left of the photo, sitting atop the wahal covering is another layer of soil, f241, which may have been placed as an additional covering in the very last phase of use of the BA temple mound. However, we have not exposed enough of it to be certain of its function or extent. 158b m N gk1,2,106 ga16 gf10,11,532 This sub-view shows the continuation of the revetment wall, f11, and the memory stones, a16, farther to the east. In the middle of the photo can be seen the wall apron, f10, clearly installed at the same time or shortly after the memory stones. 159 N gk105,106,102,101,11,12,13,1,2,21,22,23,31,32 ga16 gf10,11,50,109,152,241,532 This series of three photographs, taken by the unit without orientation or length references and arranged in panorama, shows the total excavated area in two seasons of work in J3. It is taken from a viewing platform to the southeast, and it shows the important features, the monumental apron, f10; the revetment wall, f11; the memory stones, a16, the Early Dynastic mound's baqaya surface, f50, f109; the later mound's wahal surface, f152, and the final mud surface, f241. It clearly shows the relationship of these features to the BA temple at the top of the mound. 159a m N gk1,2,11,12,13,101,104,106,108,109 gf10,11,50,109,123,143,152,241 ga16,17 This subview focuses on the various phases of the temple mound best illustrated in the western loci of the unit. Earliest is on the right and consists of the revetment wall, f11 and the baqaya layer, f50, f109 extending upwards from it north towards the BA temple. The middle of the photo shows the intermediate periods and consists of memory stones, a16, and wahal layers f123, f143, and f152. The left of the photo shows the last periods of activity which consists of a mud layer, f241, which by that point covers the memory stones, and another line of stones, a17, which may either be another generation of stones or a structure totally unrelated to the temple. 159b m N gk106,107 gf10,11,532,556 This subview focuses on the eastern loci and incorporates parts of the revetment wall, f11, and apron, f10 excavated with different feature numbers as part of unit J2. 160 S gf108 ga16 gf123,152,241 This series of three photographs, taken by the unit, shows details of the construction that marked the transition from the Early Dynastic baqaya temple mound surface, f50, f109, to the Mittani period wahal surface, f123, f152, on the lower mound. The main view, looking south, shows that the wahal surface is smooth and gradually slopes up from S to N. Seen at the bottom of the photograph are line of large limestone blocks, a16, placed along the line of the wall after it was covered to preserve the memory of its location. 160a m NE gf123 ga16 This subview shows the placement of the memory stones, a16. The bottoms are imbedded in the wahal, f123 and roughly follow the line ov the revetment wall, f11, now covered. 160b m NW gf108,152 This subview shows how the northernmost part of the wahal layer, f152, was formed. It was laid atop the baqaya, perhaps in several stages over a period of time. Near the baqaya, the wahal seems to have been formed into slabs. Nearer the surface, it seems to have been applied by dumping baskets of mud on the existing layers. 161 N gk1,2,91,92,101,106,107 gf10,11,532,556 This photograph, taken at the end of the excavation season from a viewing platform south of the revetment wall, f11, and the BA temple mound, shows the results of excavations in the east part of unit J3 over two seasons as well as the excavations in the west part of unit J2. It captures the full extent of apron, f10 in k101, f532 in k1 and k2, and f556 in k106 and 107 located north of revetment wall, f11 and extending from the oblique wall in J2 in the east to the baqaya glacis, f50, f109, in k101 of J3 in the west. 162 N gk1,2,101 This series of four photographs in panoramic format and running west to east, provides a visual record of the Mittani period revetment wall apron, f10, f532, f556. The apron is a horizontal layer of large limestone blocks just to the west of a monumental staricase and north of the revetment wall which may have functioned as a reminder of the staircase built in the Early Dynastic period, but subsequently covered by aeolian soil. It abuts a strung of large limestone blocks (memory stones), a16, which follow the line of the revetment wall, f11, which then was then also covered by aeolian soil. This first photograph begins along the westernmost extent of the apron. The view is taken at approximately eye level with respect to the wall. 162a m N gk1,2,107,101 This subview shows the west-central part of the wall and apron. 162b m N gk107 This subview shows the east-central part of the wall and apron. 162c N gk107,1,2,106,101 This subview shows the western part of the wall and apron, which includes portions excavated by unit J2. 163 N gk108,109 gf11 ga18 This series of three photographs in a panoramic format provides a visual record of the west half of the revetment wall, f11, excavated this season and the line of large limestone blocks, a16, placed atop the loess which had by the Mittani period covered the wall. The blocks were placed as a reminder or memory of the location of a much more impressive wall built in the Early Dynastic period. The view is taken as a panorama starting with this photo straddling loci k108 and k109 on the east and the subviews moving west across k108 to the boundary between units J3 and J1. 163a m N gk109 gf11 ga18 This subview shows the middle section of the west part of the revetment wall, f11, and the memory stones, a18. 163b m N gk109 gf11 ga18 This subview shows the west section of the west part of the revetment wall, f11, and the memory stones, a18. 164 WNW gk23 gf109,152,215 ga6,8 This series of two photographs, taken by the unit, shows the transition between the Mittani period wahal coating, f152, and the Early Dynastic period baqaya coating, f109 of the BA temple mound along the northern edge of k23. The wahal coating was not recognized as such when k13 was excavated although probably it was a combination of what was called accumulations f120 and f121. Just as f152 did not cover f109 along the northern border of k23, f120 and f121 did not cover f109 along the northern border of k13. Two pits which cut the baqaya coating, a6 and a10, are also shown. 164a t OV gk23 gf109,152,215 ga6,10 This sub-view shows the remnants of brick structures, f215 close to the north baulk of k23. It is not possible to say to which phase they may belong, because only the south edge of the installation is visible and no time-diagnostic artifacts could be associtated with it. Two pits, a6 and a10 are also shown. 165 W gk108,109 gf123,152,241 ga16,ga17 This series of three photographs, taken by the unit shows the relationship between the memory stones, a16, and the wahal layer in which they were placed, f123; and the relationship of another line of large limestone blocks running SW to NE, a17, and the final mound mud coating, f241. This overall photograph shows both. In the foreground is the wahal and, along the left side, the memory stones that sit within it. Note that the line of memory stones is covered by the mud coating seen in the background and that the bottom of the line of large limestone blocks are roughly at the same elevation as the mud. Also, it appears that the mud coating, f241 had been partially excavated in the vicinity of the large square limestone cube which can be seen between a17 and the cylindrical stone nearer the front of the photo 165a t S gf123 ga16 This sub-view shows that the memory stones, a16, were probably placed at the time the top layer of the wahal was applied. They are slightly imbedded in the wahal surface. 165b t W gf241 ga17 This sub-view shows the relationship between the final mud coating of the temple mound, f241, and the line of large limestone blocks, a17.